Robespierre was kept out of the committees and from the presidency of the National Assembly; only once, in June 1790, was he elected secretary of the National Assembly. In March 1789 the citizens of Arras chose him as one of their representatives, and the Third Estate (the commons) of the bailiwick elected him fifth of the eight deputies from Artois. At the king’s trial, which began in December 1792, Robespierre spoke 11 times and called for death. On June 2 the decree was passed against 29 of them. Naissance Maximilien de Robespierre 1758 - Maximilien de Robespierre — Wikipédia. Fils de François de Robespierre (membre de la noblesse de robe) et de Jacqueline-Marguerite Carraut, fille d'un brasseur d'Arras. His speech on December 3 rallied the hesitant. When the National Assembly dissolved itself, the people of Paris organized a triumphal procession for Robespierre. His private practice provided him with a comfortable income. Naissance : 6 mai 1758, Arras Il mène une existence terne et respectable où la passion n'a pas sa place. It targeted and systematically executed perceived enemies of the Revolution. Contrary to the long-held belief that Robespierre led an isolated life, he often visited local notables and mingled with the young people of the district. Orphelin de mère à l'âge de 6 ans et abandonné par son père, il se réfugie dans le travail. Il dit aussi : « L’amour de la justice, de l’humanité, de la liberté, est une passion comme une autre ; quand elle est dominante, on lui sacrifie tout. Robespierre briefly presided over the influential Jacobin Club, a political club based in Paris. But that same afternoon his section (an administrative subdivision of Paris), Les Piques, nominated him to the insurrectional Commune. He also defended patriotic soldiers, such as those of the Châteauvieux regiment, who had been imprisoned after their mutiny at Nancy. En 1781, Maximilien de Robespierre revient à … The king’s execution did not, however, resolve the struggle between the Girondins and the Montagnards, the deputies of the extreme left. The Committee of Public Safety and the Reign of Terror, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Maximilien-Robespierre, Alpha History - Biography of Maximilien François, Heritage History - Biography of Robespierre, Age of the Sage - Transmitting the Wisdoms of the Ages - Biography of Maximilien Robespierre, Maximilien de Robespierre - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. There he opposed the European war that Jacques-Pierre Brissot was advocating as a means of spreading the aims of the Revolution. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. In April he had presided over the Jacobins, a political club promoting the ideas of the French Revolution. 20 déc. Although he had defined the aims of insurrection, he hesitated to advocate it: “Fight the common enemy,” he told the provincial volunteers, “only with the sword of law.” When the insurrection nevertheless broke out on August 10, 1792, Robespierre took no part in the attack on the Tuileries Palace. ; 8 L’accent mis sur son incohérence politique permet également d’ôter aux propos de Robespierre toute crédibilité et donc de disqualifier son discours sur la liberté. Il ne supporte ni désordre dans la tenue ou les sentiments ni la vulgarité ni aucune forme d'exhibition ; sur ce plan, la Révolution ne devait rien changer à cet homme « insupportablement honnêt… A kind of “popular front” was formed between the Parisian sansculottes, the poor, ultraleft republicans, and the Montagnards. C’est lui aussi qui protège les 73 sympathisants girondins que Hébert aurait voulu voir jugés au plus vite. Wikipédia In all, the committee oversaw some 17,000 official executions. Grounded in ancient history and the works of the French philosophers of the Enlightenment, he welcomed the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, which formed the preamble of the French constitution of September 3, 1791, and he insisted that all laws should conform to it. La fête de l'Etre suprême, qu'il organise le 8 juin 1794 au Champ-de-Mars, marque l'apogée de son pouvoir. On May 26, 1793, Robespierre called on the people “to rise in insurrection.” Five days later he supported a decree of the National Convention indicting the Girondin leaders and Dumouriez’s accomplices. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. As a representative of the Third Estate, Robespierre promoted the interests of the lower classes. When the summoning of the Estates-General (a national assembly that had not been called since 1614) was announced, he issued an appeal entitled À la nation artésienne sur la nécessité de réformer les Etats d’Artois (“To the People of Artois on the Necessity of Reforming the Estates of Artois”). À propos de : Jean-Clément Martin, Robespierre. Sa sociabilité s’arrête là, car il ne se fait pas franc-maçon, contrairement à bien des hommes du siècle. Robespierre (1758 - 1794) 1. The next day Robespierre and 21 of his followers were taken to the Place de la Révolution (now the Place de la Concorde), where they were executed by guillotine before a cheering crowd. He entered academic competitions, and his “Mémoire sur les peines infamantes” (“Report on Degrading Punishments”) won first prize at the Academy of Metz. Voir plus d'idées sur le thème révolution française, maximilien de robespierre, révolution. Together For EverOne way or another. C’est ainsi que les ennemis de Robespierre finissent par investir l’Hôtel de Ville, là où l’incorruptible se trouve avec ses partisans.Le 10 thermidor II (28 juillet 1794), Robespierre sera guillotiné avec vingt et un de ses partisans.Dès lors, la joie revient dans le paysage Français et notamment à Paris où les bals et les salons ouvrent de nouveau.
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